Forumi Horizont - arkitekture e vdekjes

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-- arkitekture e vdekjes (http://www.forumihorizont.com/showthread.php3?threadid=7596)

Postuar nga darke datë 04 Mars 2005 - 02:09:

arkitekture e vdekjes

Let the splendor of the diamond, pearl and ruby vanish like the magic shimmer of the rainbow. Only let this one teardrop, the Taj Mahal, glisten spotlessly bright on the cheek of time...

(Poet Rabindranath Tagore)

***

Taj Mahal stands on the bank of River Yamuna. It was built by Shah Jahan (1592-1666), the fifth Mughal emperor of India (1628-58).
It was build in 1631 in memory of his second wife, Mumtaz Mahal, a Muslim Persian princess. She died while accompanying her husband in Burhanpur in a campaign to crush a rebellion after giving birth to their 14th child. The death so crushed the emperor that all his hair and beard were said to have grown snow white in a few months.
Construction began in 1631 and was completed in 22 years. Twenty thousand people were deployed to work on it. The material was brought in from all over India and central Asia and it took a fleet of 1000 elephants to transport it to the site. It was designed by the Iranian architect Istad Usa and it is best appreciated when the architecture and its adornments are linked to the passion that inspired it. It is a "symbol of eternal love".

An architectural masterpiece, that has been photographed millions of times.
It’s considered to be one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
This is the first message and the first threat in the new Arkitekture section... this could be named arkitekture e dashures
Eternal love. A little different I hope…

Postuar nga i/e paregjistruar datë 04 Mars 2005 - 02:12:

its simply beautiful

Postuar nga Isra datë 24 Maj 2005 - 16:41:

shume interesante!

Postuar nga Indrit datë 30 Maj 2005 - 20:23:

Per ata qe nuk dine anglisht...

Taxh Mahal
nga Dr. A. Zahoor and Dr. Z. Haq

Taxh Mahali njihet si nje nga mrekullite e botes dhe disa historiane perendimore kane vene ne dukje qe arkitektura e tij e bukur asnjehere nuk eshte kaluar. Taxhi eshte monumenti me i bukur i ndertuar prej Moguleve, muslimanet e Indise. Taxh Mahali eshte ndertuar teresisht prej mermeri te bardhe. Arkitektura e tij e bukur i kalon kufijte e pershkrimit adekuat, vecanerisht gjate lindjes dhe perendimit te diellit. Taxhi duket sikur digjet nen driten e henes se plote. Ne nje mengjes me mjegull, vizitoret provojne Taxhin sikur qendron pezull nese vrojtohet nepermjet lumit Jamuna.

Taxh Mahali u ndertua prej nje muslimani, perandori Shah Xhahan ( i cili vdiq ne vitin 1666 e.r.), ne perkujtim te nuses dhe mbretereshes se tij, Mumtaz Mahalit, ne Agra, Indi. Eshte nje "elegji prej mermeri" ose sic shprehen disa te tjere, shprehja e nje "endrre". Taxh Mahali (qe do te thote Pallati i Kurores) eshte nje mauzole i cili permban varrin e mbretereshes Mumtaz Mahalit ne dhomen e poshtme. Me vone ketij mauzoleumi iu shtua edhe varri i Shah Xhahanit. Emri i vertete i mbretereshes ishte Arxhumand Banu.
Sipas tradites se moguleve, zonjave te rendesishme te familjes mbreterore u jepej nje emer tjeter kur martoheshin ose ne ndonje tjeter ngjarje te rendesishme gjate jetes se tyre, dhe ky emer perdorej edhe me vone nga publiku. Emri i vertete i Shah Xhahanit ishte Shahub-ud-din dhe ai ishte i njohur si princi Kurram perpara se te zinte fronin ne vitin 1628 e.r

Postuar nga Indrit datë 30 Maj 2005 - 20:25:

Postuar nga Indrit datë 30 Maj 2005 - 20:30:

Taxh Mahali u ndertua per nje periudhe kohore prej 22 vjetesh, duke punesuar 22,000 punetore. Ndertimi i kesaj vepre mbaroi ne vitin 1648 e.r. dhe kushtoi nje shume prej 32 milione rupish. Dokumentet e ndertimit tregojne qe mjeshtri i saj ishte Ustad 'Isa, arkitekti me fame gjate kohes se tij. Dokumentet permbajne emrat e atyre qe u punesuan dhe shpikja e materialit te ndertimit dhe origjines se tyre. Mjeshtra me pervoje nga Delhi, Kanaixh, Lahore dhe Multan u punesuan ne ndertimin e kesaj vepre. Per me teper, shume mjeshtra muslimane me fame te madhe nga Bagdati, Shirazi, dhe Bukara punuan ne shume detyra te ndryshme.

Taxhi qendron ne nje platforme katrore te ngritur me kater qoshet te keputura duke formuar keshtu nje oktagon te pabarabarte. Forma e arkitektures perdor konceptin e nderthurjes se arabeskave, ne te cilen cdo element qendron mbi veten e vet dhe njekohesisht nderthuret me ndertesen qendrore. Per ndetimin e kesaj ndertese jane perdorur parimet e gjeometrise vete replikuese dhe nje simetrike e elementeve arkitekturore.

Postuar nga Indrit datë 30 Maj 2005 - 20:33:

Kupola e tij qendrore eshte 58 kembe ne diameter dhe ngrihet ne nje lartesi prej 213 kembesh. Kjo kupole eshte rrethuar prej 4 kupolash te tjera. Kater minaret madheshtore jane ta larta 162.5 kembe. I gjithe mauzoleumi ( brenda dhe jashte) eshte i zbukuruar me vizatime lulesh dhe kaligrafi duke perdorur gure te cmueshem te llojeve te ndryshme. Qemeret kryesore te daltuara me paragrafe nga Kur'ani i madherueshem dhe punime lulesh te llojeve te ndryshme i japin nje bukuri mahnitese ketij monumenti. Dhoma qendrore ne forme kupole dhe kater dhomat e tjera perfshijne shume mure dhe panele te zbukurimit islamik.

Mauzoleumi eshte pjese e nje kompleksi te madh qe perfshin nje porte te madhe, nje kopesht shume te bukur, nje xhami ne krah te majte, nje dhome pritjeje ne krah te djathte dhe disa ndertesa te tjera madheshtore. Taxhi ndodhet ne skajin me te larget te ketij kompleksi dhe lumi Jamuna gjendet mbrapa kesaj ndertese. Kopshti i madh permban kater pishina reflektuese qe e ndajne ate ne qender. Cdonjera prej ketyre pjeseve eshte me tej e ndare ne 4 pjese te tjera dhe perseri cdonjera prej ketyre pjeseve eshte perseri ne 4 pjese te tjera. Ashtu si Taxhi, edhe elementet e kopshtit sherbejne si nje arabeske, duke qendruar mbi veten e tyre dhe gjithashtu duke perbere te gjithe vepren.

Postuar nga Indrit datë 30 Maj 2005 - 20:37:

kjo per inxhinieret e ndertimit...

Postuar nga Isra datë 02 Qershor 2005 - 13:13:

per Indritin::

Postuar nga jimmy84 datë 02 Qershor 2005 - 18:06:

Hey perhaps i`m wrong but i`ve heard that the architect was an albanian (at least his origin was albanian). I don`t want to look "nationalist" but that`s what i`ve heard and so i asked to be sure.

Postuar nga darke datë 04 Qershor 2005 - 15:46:

The architect is a mistery

Citim:
Po citoj ato që tha jimmy84
Hey perhaps i`m wrong but i`ve heard that the architect was an albania
n (at least his origin was albanian). I don`t want to look "nationalist" but that`s what i`ve heard and so i asked to be sure.

Well, I have to say that I was not sure who was the architect, moreover it must be said that the Taj Mahal can't be ascribed to any single architect or master, so it is the culmination of an evolutionary process; we could say inside the Mughal architecture type.

Searching in the net, I've found some interesting information. There are several controversies that claim that the Taj Mahal was designed by an Italian Geronimo Veroneo, or a French silversmith Austin de Bordeaux, the first real evidence of the architect's identity emerged in the 1930s when a seventeenth century manuscript called the Diwan-i-Muhandis was found to mention the Taj Mahal. This manuscript contains a collection of several poems written by Luft Allah, including several verses in which he describes his father, Ustad Ahmad from Lahore, as the architect of the Taj Mahal and the Red Fort at Delhi. Ahmad was a Persian engineer-astrologer. Luft Allah also states that Shah Jehan conferred upon his father the title "Nadir al-Asr" (the Wonder of the Age); unfortunately court histories do not corroborate this claim. Other sources record that Ustad Ahmad was one of the architects of the Red Fort. Further evidence has been found of other large projects undertaken by Ustad Ahmad, strengthening the plausibility of his son's claim. It is interesting to note that Ustad Ahmad had a number of aliases : Ustad Khan Effendi, Ustad Mohammed, Isa Khan, Isa Effendi and a number of permutations of the name - fictional amalgam of Muslim sounding names.

The names of many of the builders who participated in the construction of the Taj in different capacities have come down to us through Persian sources. A project as ambitious as the tomb of Mumtaz Mahal demanded talent from many quarters. From turkey came Ismail Khan a designer of hemispheres and the a builder of domes. Qazim Khan, a native of Lahore travelled to Agra to cast the solid gold finial that crowned the Turkish master's dome. Chiranjilal, a local lapidary from Delhi was chosen as the chief sculptor and mosaicist. Amanat Khan from Shiraz was the chief calligrapher, and this fact is attested on the Taj gateway where his name has been inscribed at the end of the inscription. Muhammad Hanif was the Supervisor of masons, while Mir Abdul Karim and Mukkarimat Khan of Shiraz handled finances and the management of daily production. Sculptors from Bukhara, calligraphers from Syria and Persia, inlayers from South India, stonecutters from Baluchistan, a man who specialised in building turrets, another who carved only marble flowers - thirty seven men in all formed the creative nucleus, and to this core was added a labour force of twenty thousand workers recruited from across North India.

I don't really know if there was an albanian between them, who knows

, maybe he was Ismail Afandi (a.k.a. Ismail Khan)?? who had worked for the Ottomans in Turkey as a designer and builder of domes???

Postuar nga jimmy84 datë 04 Qershor 2005 - 20:46:

In fact i know even a legend. That after the architect finished Taj Mahal the Shah asked him "Can you do anything more wonderful than this?" And the architect answered "Well,i`m young. Perhaps i could much more better". But this was a wrong answer. Shah wanted Taj Mahal be the best. So he ordered to cut off the architect`s head.

As i said it`s a legend. I`m not pretty sure if this really heapened or it`s just people fantasy.

Postuar nga Sennia datë 09 Mars 2010 - 21:15:

Taxh Mahali eshte nder mbrekullite arkitekturore.

Meqe titulli eshte arkitekture e vdekjes, doja te jepja edhe nje kuriozitet rreth kesaj.

Per ndertimin e kesaj xhamie jane punesuar mijera punetore por qe cuditerisht kjo ndertesa ka kushtuar shume pak. Punetoret nuk paguheshin, atyre u jepej nje e drejte per te zgjedhur nje ushqim te caktuar dhe vetem ate do te hanin. Keshtu vdekja e punetoreve ishte nje gje e shpeshte dhe kurseheshin parate per ti paguar. Ne fund vetem nje grup punetoresh arriti te marri shperblimin duke sepse ata kerkuan te hanin koke lope, keshtu te gjithe elementet e nevojshem qe kerkon trupi ata i siguronin .

Trego 13 mesazhet në një faqe të vetme

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