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USMLE Road Map PHYSIOLOGY
USMLE Road Map PHYSIOLOGY
Book Description
Ideal for USMLE preparation and course review, the streamlined, easy-to-follow hierarchical outline format guides students through the most important aspects of each discipline. Extensive illustrations enhance the texts and convey difficult-to-understand concepts. Clinical correlations, numerous tables and charts, and USMLE-style questions in clinical vignette format help students evaluate their strengths and weaknesses.
CONTENTS
Using the Road Map Series for Successful Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
1. Cell Physiology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
I. Plasma Membrane 1
II. Ion Channels 4
III. Cell Signaling 8
IV. Membrane Potential 11
V. Structure of Skeletal Muscle 13
VI. Neuromuscular and Synaptic Transmission 18
VII. Smooth Muscle 22
Clinical Problems 24
Answers 25
2. Cardiovascular Physiology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
I. General Principles 27
II. Hemodynamics 27
III. Electrophysiology 32
IV. Cardiac Muscle and Cardiac Output 37
V. Cardiac Cycle with Pressures and ECG 42
VI. Regulation of Arterial Pressure 44
VII. Control Mechanisms and Special Circulations 44
VIII. Integrative Function 48
Clinical Problems 51
Answers 53
3. Respiratory Physiology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
I. Lung Volumes and Capacities 56
II. Muscles of Breathing 58
III. Lung Compliance 60
IV. Components of Lung Recoil 61
V. Airway Resistance 62
VI. Gas Exchange and Oxygen Transport 63
VII. Carbon Dioxide Transport 67
VIII. Respiration Control 68
IX. Pulmonary Blood Flow 70
X. Ventilation-Perfusion Differences 73
XI. Special Environments 74
Clinical Problems 75
Answers 77
4. Body Fluids, Renal, and Acid-Base Physiology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
I. Body Fluids 79
II. Kidney Function 83
III. Renal Anatomy 84
IV. Renal Blood Flow and Glomerular Filtration 87
iii
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V. Transport Mechanisms of Nephron Segments 91
VI. Regulation of NaCl Excretion 95
VII. Potassium Regulation 98
VIII. Renal Handling of Glucose 98
IX. Urea Regulation 98
X. Phosphate Regulation 99
XI. Renal Calcium Regulation 99
XII. Magnesium Regulation 100
XIII. Concentrating and Diluting Mechanisms 100
XIV. Acid-Base Balance 101
XV. Diagnostic Hints for Acid-Base Disorders 104
XVI. Selected Acid-Base Disorders 106
Clinical Problems 108
Answers 110
5. Gastrointestinal Physiology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
I. Regulation: Muscle, Nerves, and Hormones of the Gut 113
II. Salivary Secretion 114
III. Swallowing 116
IV. Gastric Motor Function 117
V. Gastric Secretion 119
VI. Motility of the Small Intestine 123
VII. Exocrine Pancreas 125
VIII. Biliary Secretion 126
IX. Digestion and Absorption 128
X. Motility of the Colon and Rectum 133
Clinical Problems 134
Answers 136
6 Endocrine Physiology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
I. General Principles 139
II. Adrenal Cortex 142
III. Adrenal Medulla 147
IV. Endocrine Pancreas 148
V. Glucagon 151
VI. Human Growth Hormone 154
VII. Hormonal Calcium Regulation 155
VIII. Thyroid Hormones 158
IX. Male Reproductive Hormones 161
X. Female Reproductive Hormones 164
Clinical Problems 170
Answers 172
7. Neurophysiology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
I. Autonomic Nervous System 174
II. Sensory System 177
III. Motor Pathways 192
IV. Language Function of the Cerebral Cortex 201
V. The Blood-Brain Barrier and Cerebrospinal Fluid 203
VI. Body Temperature Regulation 205
iv Contents
N
Clinical Problems 208
Answers 210
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
code:
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